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Showing posts from March, 2021

Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

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Recurrent pregnancy loss is defined as two or more consecutive pregnancy losses of clinically recognized pregnancies prior to 20 weeks of gestation. Clinically recognized pregnancies are those in which an ultrasound examination has confirmed the pregnancy or those in which pregnancy tissue has been identified after miscarriage. The condition usually affects >1% of the female population and thorough examination and tests are usually advised after two consecutive miscarriages. What causes recurrent pregnancy loss? Most pregnancy losses are random events and result from chromosomal, or genetic, abnormalities. The abnormality may come from the egg, the sperm, or the early embryo. Approximately 12-15% of all clinically recognized pregnancies end in miscarriage; however, it is estimated that at least 30-60% of all conceptions will end within the first 6 weeks of gestation. Advancing maternal age is associated with an increased risk of miscarriage, which is thought to be due to poor eg...

Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

Image
Recurrent pregnancy loss is defined as two or more consecutive pregnancy losses of clinically recognized pregnancies prior to 20 weeks of gestation. Clinically recognized pregnancies are those in which an ultrasound examination has confirmed the pregnancy or those in which pregnancy tissue has been identified after miscarriage. The condition usually affects >1% of the female population and thorough examination and tests are usually advised after two consecutive miscarriages. What causes recurrent pregnancy loss? Most pregnancy losses are random events and result from chromosomal, or genetic, abnormalities. The abnormality may come from the egg, the sperm, or the early embryo. Approximately 12-15% of all clinically recognized pregnancies end in miscarriage; however, it is estimated that at least 30-60% of all conceptions will end within the first 6 weeks of gestation. Advancing maternal age is associated with an increased risk of miscarriage, which is thought to be due to poor eg...

Shoulder Pain & Role of Arthroscopy

The shoulder is a very flexible Ball a Socket joint that is made up of several tendons, ligaments, and muscles that all work together for the normal functioning of a joint. Shoulder pain can result from injuries, general wear and tear, and a number of inflammatory conditions. Several factors and conditions can contribute to shoulder pain. The most prevalent cause is Rotator Cuff Tendinitis. This is a condition characterized by swollen tendons around the shoulder joint. Another important cause of shoulder pain is Frozen Shoulder (Adhesive Capsulitis). It is the result of inflammation, scarring, thickening, and shrinkage of the capsule that surrounds the normal shoulder joint. It occurs more frequently in patients with risk factors of diabetes and chronic inflammatory arthritis of the shoulder joint. Signs and Symptoms of a Frozen Shoulder: It includes shoulder pain, stiffness, and loss of range of shoulder motion. These symptoms can make sleep very uncomfortable. Treatment for a F...

Shoulder Pain & Role of Arthroscopy

The shoulder is a very flexible Ball a Socket joint that is made up of several tendons, ligaments, and muscles that all work together for the normal functioning of a joint. Shoulder pain can result from injuries, general wear and tear, and a number of inflammatory conditions. Several factors and conditions can contribute to shoulder pain. The most prevalent cause is Rotator Cuff Tendinitis. This is a condition characterized by swollen tendons around the shoulder joint. Another important cause of shoulder pain is Frozen Shoulder (Adhesive Capsulitis). It is the result of inflammation, scarring, thickening, and shrinkage of the capsule that surrounds the normal shoulder joint. It occurs more frequently in patients with risk factors of diabetes and chronic inflammatory arthritis of the shoulder joint. Signs and Symptoms of a Frozen Shoulder: It includes shoulder pain, stiffness, and loss of range of shoulder motion. These symptoms can make sleep very uncomfortable. Treatment for a F...